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Natural satellites, or moons, orbit planets and other celestial bodies. They vary significantly in size, composition, and geological activity. Understanding moons provides insights into the formation and evolution of planetary systems.
Earth's Moon
Earth's Moon
Earth's Moon is a terrestrial, rocky body. It lacks a significant atmosphere, resulting in extreme temperature variations. Its surface is heavily cratered, a record of past asteroid impacts. The Moon's gravitational influence stabilizes Earth's axial tilt and creates tides.
Key Facts:
Key Facts:
Diameter: Approximately 3,476 km
Distance from Earth: About 384,400 km
Orbital Period: 27.3 days
Composition: Primarily silicate rocks
Jupiter's Europa
Jupiter's Europa
Europa features a smooth, icy crust. Scientists theorize this crust conceals a global ocean of liquid water. Tidal forces from Jupiter generate heat, which may maintain the ocean. The possibility of liquid water increases the interest in Europa as a potential habitat for extraterrestrial life.
Key Facts:
Key Facts:
Diameter: Approximately 3,122 km
Orbital Period: 3.5 days
Composition: Primarily ice with a possible rocky core
Potential: Subsurface ocean
Saturn's Titan
Saturn's Titan
Titan is unique due to its dense, nitrogen-rich atmosphere. This atmosphere creates a hazy orange appearance. Titan has liquid methane and ethane seas and rivers. Cryovolcanoes, which erupt water and ammonia ice, also exist. The presence of organic molecules makes Titan a subject of astrobiological study.
Key Facts:
Key Facts:
Diameter: Approximately 5,150 km
Orbital Period: 16 days
Atmosphere: Dense, primarily nitrogen
Surface: Liquid methane seas, icy terrain
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